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FACTS AND FIGURES ON FARMWORKERS AND THE AGRICULTURAL
INDUSTRY
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Farmworker Poverty and Agriculture Industry
Economics:
 1) The latest report by the U.S. Department
of Labor to Congress, entitled "The Agricultural Labor Market
- Status and Recommendations" (Dated 12/00, mailed to members
of Congress on 1/3/01) contains some hard truths for the agricultural
industry. Some highlights:
* "Production of fruits and vegetables has increased and
global demand for American produce continues to grow, but agricultural
worker earnings and working conditions are either stagnant or
in decline."
* "[F]arm workers not only lost ground relative to other
workers in the private sector, they lost ground absolutely."
* "Compounding the low wage is the inability of farm workers
to find enough employment."
* "Despite the low wages and below poverty annual earnings,
farm workers rarely access the safety net intended to cushion
the blow of poverty for the working poor."
*"[E]xclusions from legal protections have a negative impact
on farm workers and contribute to the factors that discourage
farm workers from staying in the industry or others from seeking
work in agriculture."
The full report is not available on-line, but you can contact us for a copy. It contains a
great deal of excellent information.
 2) National
Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) 1997-1998
--
According to the same 12/00 USDOL report: "The NAWS paints
a very grim picture of the conditions under which farm workers
live and work. low wages, sub-poverty annual earnings, significant
periods of un-and underemployment, and low utilization of safety
net programs all add up to a labor force in significant economic
distress."
Each year since its inception, NAWS has interviewed approximately
2,500 randomly selected agricultural workers across the United States.
The sampling procedure respects seasonal and regional fluctuations
in the level of agricultural work activity. A sample of 288 counties
in 25 states was selected to represent 12 distinct agricultural
regions. Some highlights:
Farm Worker Salaries:
- Median income from farm work: $2,500 - $5,000
- Median personal income from farm and other work sources:
$5,000 - $7,500
- Farm worker household income: $7,500 - $10,000
- When wages are adjusted for inflation, farmworkers' real wages
have decreased 5% over the last decade.
Level of Poverty:
- Over 3/5 of farm worker households were in poverty.
- Few farm workers had assets: 49% owned a vehicle; 1/3 owned
or were buying a house or a trailer in the U.S.
- Despite pervasive poverty among farm workers, few used social
insurance or social service programs.
For more information, check out this
report.
3) Information on piece rates for tomato
picking -- As a result of the Coalition
of Immokalee Workers'  campaign, piece rates have gone up to 45 - 50 cents
per bucket. However, this is still far short of a living wage, and
even far short of he value this work had 2 decades ago. In order
to keep pace with inflation since 1980, the piece rate today would
have to be 73.5 cents. Click here for full
graph.
Further, because the piece rate has stayed stagnant for so long,
a worker has to pick more buckets just to earn the minimum wage.
Whereas a worker had to pick 7.75 buckets per hour to earn the minimum
wage, by 1997 they had to pick almost 13 buckets in the same amount
of time. Click here for the full
graph.
National Statistics on Wealth and Poverty:
1.) United
for a Fair Economy -- This site keeps
up to date statistics on economic issues such as wealth and poverty.
For more information, click
here.
2.) University
of the Poor, Statistics and Research Department
-- This is the web site of the University of the Poor,
which is the educational arm of the Poor
People's Economic Human Rights Campaign. This page keeps up
to date statistics on Wealth and Poverty, Hopelessness, Hunger,
Health Care, Income, and Welfare Reform. For more information, click
here.
.
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